• Finasteride was the first steroidal reductase

  2024-05-23

  

  Finasteride (13) was the first steroidal 5α-reductase inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1992 for treatment of BPH. In fact, long term clinical studies with this drug demonstrated a sustained reduction of the prostatic specific antigen and an overall improvement in BH

• br Studies in zebrafish vascular and

  2024-05-23

  

  Studies in zebrafish: vascular and neural development and the regulation of left–right asymmetry Zebrafish embryos represent an excellent model system to examine vertebrate vascular development. Major advantages of the zebrafish system include its genetic tractability, small size, external fertil

• Taking together findings from our study and that

  2024-05-23

  

  Taking together findings from our study and that from the literature, we propose a model (to be experimentally confirmed) of possible intracellular mechanism of NA-induced regulation of Na-K ATPase subunit expression (Fig. 8). NA acting on α1-AR modulates the α1- and α3-subunit expressions of Na-K

• An alternative more rarely used electron microscopy

  2024-05-23

  

  An alternative, more rarely used, electron microscopy-based approach exploits labeling of phagosomes with DAMP (3-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-30-amino-N-methyldipropylamine). DAMP is a weakly basic compound which is membrane-impermeable once it has been protonated. This way, DAMPH+ accumulates in acidic in

• The previous reports studied only the

  2024-05-22

  

  The previous reports studied only the apoptosis process in a single cell. In our case we generalized these models inspired by the results of Albeck et al. (2008) and Raychaudhuri et al. (2008), to study the apoptosis cell death after photodynamic therapy in those areas of the tumor that are not expo

• In order to further explore

  2024-05-22

  

  In order to further explore whether the cytoprotective effect of isogarcinol against oxidative stress in H2O2-induced HepG2 KC7F2 mg is a consequence of the breakdown of the endogenous antioxidant defence mechanism, we measured the LDH release, MDA levels, GSH levels and SOD activity. A large body

• To the best of our knowledge there have been

  2024-05-22

  

  To the best of our knowledge, there have been only a few reports on antiangiogenic activities about C. sanki, and its antiangiogenic constituents as well as its mechanism of action are worthy of further exploring and studying. Therefore, we carried out a bioassay-guided investigation of C. sanki in

• Interestingly metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyo

  2024-05-22

  

  Interestingly, metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Patients and mouse models of familial ALS exhibit higher levels of resting QX 314 chloride expenditure and lower fat-free mass, indicating a hypermetabolic phenotype. Lim et al. (2012) found that reducing

• Besides the described changes in protein expression and thus

  2024-05-22

  

  Besides the described changes in protein expression and thus in current amplitudes, hmg-coa reductase inhibitor of PORCN also leads to accelerated decay kinetics of evoked and spontaneous AMPAR currents. These changes in channel kinetics are most likely a secondary effect due to the selective deplet

• The first identified auxiliary subunit stargazin is essentia

  2024-05-22

  

  The first identified auxiliary subunit, stargazin, is essential for AMPAR function in cerebellar granule neurons (Hashimoto et al., 1999). Subsequently, a family of six transmembrane AMPAR regulatory proteins (TARPs) were defined that modify channel trafficking, gating, and pharmacology (Kato and Br

• br Introduction Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD is a

  2024-05-22

  

  Introduction Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathologic spectrum of liver pathologies associated with excessive accumulation of fat in the liver. This spectrum is continuous but can be graded based on pathological features; in increasing severity, these are: bland steatosis,

• The mechanisms that control Ahr transcription

  2024-05-22

  

  The mechanisms that control Ahr transcription are poorly understood, especially when considering cell type-specific regulation. A recent report suggested that the Ahr transcription might be directly promoted by RORγt [retinoic Azidobutyric acid NHS ester receptor (RAR)-related orphan receptor γt] b

• Mt a known to be upregulated by ozone

  2024-05-22

  

  Mt2a, known to be upregulated by ozone (Inoue et al., 2008), was also increased in vehicle-pretreated rats exposed to ozone, however, this effect was markedly reduced by both PROP and MIFE, suggesting that the neuroendocrine response is linked to ozone-induced acute phase protein expression. In huma

• It could be hypothesized that the adiponectin system is regu

  2024-05-22

  

  It could be hypothesized that the adiponectin system is regulated by gonadal steroid hormones. The lowest concentrations of adiponectin, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 proteins in the endometrium and myometrium during the mid-luteal and late-luteal phases suggest that progesterone suppresses the expression of

• Obesity is defined as a body

  2024-05-22

  

  Obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30kg/m2 or higher and is known to have a very close association with the risk of developing cancers (Hsueh and Deng, 2016). Several theories exist as to how this link is defined with respect to various cancers, one of which involves the effect of obes

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