• Loss of expression or functional

  2024-12-26

  

  Loss of expression or functional activity of cell adhesion is intricately related to advanced stages of tumour progression and invasiveness. Martin-Belmonte and Perez-Moreno recently mentioned that the deregulation of adhesion can alter tumourgenesis in the early stage. We have shown for the first t

• On the other hand there

  2024-12-26

  

  On the other hand, there were only a few cases that expressed DA2R in our study. Additionally, in the cases whose ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas expressed DA2R, the ratio of positive staining Live/dead cell analysis was very low. This suggests that dopamine agonists may be less effective in canin

• Apoptosis signal regulating kinase ASK also referred to

  2024-12-26

  

  Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1, also referred to as MAP3K5)(Ichijo et al., 1997) participates in many different stress responses, including apoptosis (Chang et al., 1998, Chen et al., 1999, Ichijo et al., 1997, Kanamoto et al., 2000, Noguchi et al., 2008, Saitoh et al., 1998, Tobiume et

• The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase independ

  2024-12-26

  

  The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase-independent death effector. AIF can induce caspase-independent chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation to approximately 50 KB. AIF that is released to cytoplasm can mediate apoptosis when special extracellular signals trigger the o

• AT signaling is distinct to that of AT

  2024-12-26

  

  AT2 signaling is distinct to that of AT1 (Kaschina and Unger, 2003). As shown here, opposite to the stimulating effect of AT1 signaling, it inhibits apelin secretion. Activation of AT2 receptor, which is also G-protein coupled, is known to decrease cAMP and cGMP levels by inhibiting adenylyl cyclase

• The putative residue apelin proprotein proapelin or apelin i

  2024-12-26

  

  The putative 55-residue apelin proprotein (proapelin or apelin-55) is processed from a 77-residue preproprotein through removal of a 22-residue signal peptide (Table 1). Apelin-55 is further processed into bioactive isoforms of 36, 17, or 13 residues, likely through protease-mediated mechanisms. To

• br Materials and method br Results br Discussion Although se

  2024-12-26

  

  Materials and method Results Discussion Although several studies have showed the crude extracts of K. senegalensis possessed the anti-inflammatory and hypertensive activities (Olayinka et al., 1992). However, the anti-inflammatory effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of its bioactive

• MADS box proteins are combinatorial transcription factors in

  2024-12-26

  

  MADS box proteins are combinatorial transcription factors in that they often derive their regulatory specificity from other DNA binding or accessory factors. In many cases, the cofactor with which MADS box proteins interact specifies which genes are regulated, when they are regulated and if these ge

• br Conclusion br References and

  2024-12-26

  

  Conclusion References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as: Acknowledgements Introduction Nucleosome, the basic chromatin unit, is composed of DNA and core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) and organized into

• Recently Kamoshita et al evaluated a

  2024-12-25

  

  Recently, Kamoshita et al. (2016) evaluated a mouse model of retinal neuronal disturbance with the intraperitoneal injection of LPS and found that treatment with AICAR suppressed the reduction of conical function and decreased mRNA levels of TNF-α as well as improved mRNA levels of the mitochondrial

• Scutellaria moniliorrhiza Komarov Labiatae is

  2024-12-25

  

  Scutellaria moniliorrhiza Komarov (Labiatae) is a perennial herb and mainly distributed in Jilin province, China. In traditional Chinese medicine, the whole plants have been used to clear away heat-evil, expel superficial evils, eliminate stasis and reduce edema (He et al., 2012). In previous phytoc

• The AHR potentially enhances IDO expression possibly via cro

  2024-12-25

  

  The AHR potentially enhances IDO-expression, possibly via crosstalk with several inflammatory signaling pathways (shown by now for IL6 and ‘signal transducer and activator of transcription’ (STAT) 3, and for NFκB, toll like receptor-pathways) [56,59,60]. IDO metabolizes Trp to kynurenines, which are

• PAN induced nephrosis was accompanied by loss of body

  2024-12-25

  

  PAN-induced nephrosis was accompanied by loss of body weight, decrease of food intake, increase in urine volume and increases in triglycerides and cholesterol levels, which have been reported previously (Natori et al., 1996). Except for urine volume, each one of these measures was improved by A-3069

• br Actin at presynapses br Conclusion Thanks to the

  2024-12-25

  

  Actin at presynapses Conclusion Thanks to the recent discovery of rings, hotspots and trails, axonal DNA repair inhibitor is back in the spotlight. These are exiting times for neuronal cell biologists armed with constantly improving labeling and imaging techniques to observe, quantify and pert

• br Acknowledgments We thank the anonymous reviewers for thei

  2024-12-25

  

  Acknowledgments We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscript, and also thank Dr. Hans-U. Dahms for his comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation (2009-0071218) funded to Young-Mi Lee. This work was al

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