• br Acknowledgments The authors would

  2025-03-03

  

  Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Ms. Ashley Davis for her administrative assistance in preparing this article and Mr. Dan Beck for his artistic contributions to Fig. 1. Introduction Acetylcholine is the most abundant neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) of insec

• br COX and LOX in post mortem AD brain

  2025-03-03

  

  COX and 5-LOX in post-mortem AD brain Minghetti (2004) reviewed the findings on COX-2 mRNA levels in AD brains, pointing out that the available evidence demonstrated either decreased or increased levels, possibly because of the short half-life of COX-2 transcripts or individual variability. Histo

• The mechanism by which Gas

  2025-03-03

  

  The mechanism by which Gas6 prevents inflammation has been reported to be via inhibition of Toll-Like receptors (TLRs) signaling (Cui et al., 2016). After injury, TLRs become stimulated, leading to downstream activation of TRAF3 and TRAF6 and translocation of several transcription factors, such as I

• br Author contributions br Conflicts of interest The

  2025-03-01

  

  Author contributions Conflicts of interest The authors declare no competing financial interests. Acknowledgement This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Sonderforschungsbereich/Transregio 166–Project C1 and grant CA 1014/1-1 to D.C.) and the IZKF Würzbur

• Besides Arg overexpression our data revealed

  2025-03-01

  

  Besides Arg2 overexpression, our data revealed that AGEs could decrease eNOS mRNA levels, which is considered a significant cause for attenuated NO production and vasodilation. It was found recently that AGEs significantly reduce eNOS expression levels and NO bioavailability in human carotid artery

• To the best of our knowledge this is the

  2025-03-01

  

  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study documenting the SCC modulatory effect at central and kidney level on the shift in the vasoconstrictor-vasodilator ratio of mRNA expression of angiotensin receptors toward vasoconstriction in XY-SCC and/or vasodilation in XX-SCC mice. From these r

• br Materials and methods br

  2025-03-01

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease [15], [16]. The pathogenesis of DKD is not fully understood, and there is no effective treatment. Although previous studies suggested that early lesions of DKD are foun

• Whereas allostery in the cell is relatively understudied

  2025-03-01

  

  Whereas allostery in the β cell is relatively understudied, significant progress has been made in understanding the physiology and mechanistic biology of how AMPK and its upstream kinases govern β cell function. LKB1 phosphorylates AMPKα at Thr172 [21], and loss of LKB1 in β cells abolishes phosphor

• br STAR Methods br AMPK A Therapeutic

  2025-03-01

  

  STAR★Methods AMPK: A Therapeutic Target in the β Cell? Loss of pancreatic β cell function is a hallmark of the transition to a diagnosis of T2DM (see Glossary) 1, 2, 3, 4. AMPK activation has gained attention for the treatment of hyperglycemia in prediabetes as an insulin-sensitizing agent bec

• cyclic adenosine monophosphate br Possible complementarity o

  2025-03-01

  

  Possible complementarity of trimming pathways Determining the exact pathway for the generation or destruction of MHCI peptide ligands by ERAP1 is important for our understanding of the shaping of the immunopeptidome and for designing inhibitors that can manipulate it. It is also possible however

• Table reports the results for the categorical coding of

  2025-03-01

  

  Table 3 reports the results for the categorical coding of diagnosis. The categorical coding is less hypothesis driven than the continuous coding because it allows for nonlinear interactions that are driven by only two groups (CN → MCI stable, CN → MCI progressor, and CN → AD). That said, this analys

• br Acknowledgements Dr Paul J

  2025-03-01

  

  Acknowledgements Dr. Paul J. Gasser is supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant number R01DA032895), and the Charles E. Kubly Mental Health Research Center. Dr. Christopher A. Lowry is supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant number R21 MH116263), the Department of the N

• HT receptors are distributed throughout the

  2025-02-28

  

  5-HT3 receptors are distributed throughout the brain, within the brainstem (e.g., nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema and spinal trigeminal nucleus) and ibuprofen children's dose (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, putamen and caudate) (Abi-Dargham et al., 1993, Barnes et al., 19

• What can we learn about the

  2025-02-28

  

  What can we learn about the anticancer therapeutic efficacy of Aurora kinase inhibitors from our experience with the Bcr-Abl inhibitors and the long term clinical consequence of their use in treating leukemias? As discussed, all Aurora kinase inhibitors developed to date are ATP-competitive inhibito

• br Introduction Lung cancer is the leading

  2025-02-28

  

  Introduction Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and is one of the most refractory of solid tumors along with pancreatic cancer. Since 1975 there have been notable improvements in the 5-year survival rate of patients with lung cancer [1]. This improvement in survival is tho

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