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Introduction Cytochrome P CYP A is the most
2019-10-02

Introduction Cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A is the most important enzyme involved in the metabolism of 30–40% of currently prescribed drugs [1]. The α-Amanitin level and activity of CYP3A show large intra- and inter-individual variability, which contributes to unpredictable drug response and toxicity. A m
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br Data deposition The structure factor amplitudes and coord
2019-10-02

Data deposition: The structure factor amplitudes and coordinates of mIL34 and the mIL-34:mCSF-1R complex have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank, www.pdb.org, with accession codes 4EXN and 4EXP. Note added in proof The authors would like to inform the readers of two recent articles that are
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Our structures also provide new insights into
2019-10-02

Our structures also provide new insights into CRTH2 drug development. The ligand binding pocket revealed by our structures comprises many aromatic residues and a few polar residues at the distal end. Correspondingly, most CRTH2 antagonists share a similar structural feature characterized by an acet
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Recent data obtained with etifoxine suggest
2019-10-02

Recent data obtained with etifoxine suggest that facilitation of GABAergic inhibition may be also associated with an indirect mechanism implying activation of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor with a subsequent increase in neurosteroid production (Schlichter et al., 2000, Verleye et al., 2005).
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Lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation
2019-10-02

Lipolysis and fatty Azimilide oxidation are two important mechanisms involved in fat reduction. Over stimulation of lipolysis increases the level of FFAs in the serum and causes metabolic perturbation (Koutsari and Jensen, 2006). A large inflow of FFAs to the mitochondria may lead to mitochondrial m
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Our conclusion is in disagreement with that of a
2019-10-02

Our conclusion is in disagreement with that of a recent paper by Park et al. [10], which suggests that nitric oxide (NO) inhibition of VHL recruitment occurs by nitrosylation of the 520 cysteine in HIF-1α, and that SNAP does not directly inhibit hydroxylation of HIF peptide by HPH-2. Although this d
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br Acknowledgements The authors thank Drs
2019-10-02

Acknowledgements The authors thank Drs. C. Klein, I. Canisso and A. Claes with assistance in obtaining tissues. Supported by the Albert G. Clay Endowment, University of Kentucky. Introduction Neoplastic cells often develop drug resistance during tumor progression or cancer treatment (Turner
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The majority of serpins inhibit serine proteases but serpins
2019-10-02

The majority of serpins inhibit serine proteases, but serpins that inhibit caspases or papain-like cysteine proteases have also been identified [4], [5]. Inhibitory serpins are ‘suicide’ or ‘single use’ inhibitors that use a unique conformational change to inhibit proteases. This conformational tran
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During the host response to inflammation inflammatory mediat
2019-10-01

During the host response to inflammation, inflammatory mediators, including release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, have been associated with altered content, expression, and activity of CYP450 enzymes, consequently leading to alterations in the metabolism and elimination of certain drugs. The losses
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In the present study real time polymerase chain reaction als
2019-10-01

In the present study, real-time polymerase chain reaction also confirmed that gene expressions of RT1 class II, locus Bb (RT1-Bb) was up-regulated and Spi-B transcription factor (Spib) was downregulated at day 3 after the VMH lesions. These two genes work as one of immune responses. RT1-Bb controls
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Oxysterols modulate the immune responses and as such
2019-10-01

Oxysterols modulate the immune responses and as such could be effectors of the tumor environment: 25-OHC impairs IgA production in B-lymphocytes [26] and induces the secretion of the proinflammatory and angiogenic cytokine IL-8 [27], [28]. Of note, oxysterols (in particular 7α,25-OHC) are potent che
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Although the amino acid sequences
2019-10-01

Although the amino dcp cas sequences of CUL4A and CUL4B share 82% identity, the existing studies have shown that these two proteins do not have significant functional redundancy. Elevated expression of CUL4A has been observed in a variety of cancer cells, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, live
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br Acknowledgements The study of RING type
2019-10-01

Acknowledgements The study of RING-type E3s continues to grow extremely rapidly. We regret that it was possible to only cite a fraction of the outstanding primary publications in this field. This work was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences grants R01 GM088055 and R01
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The DNA damage response DDR is a cellular mechanism
2019-10-01

The DNA damage response (DDR) is a cellular mechanism that protects against DNA damage induced by endogenous and exogenous factors, it includes changes in cellular processes such as Endoxifen clinical regulation, DNA damage repair, apoptosis and chromatin remodeling. In recent years, the DDR has be
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Hedamycin isolated from Streptomyces griseoruber belongs to
2019-10-01

Hedamycin, isolated from Streptomyces griseoruber, belongs to the highly cytotoxic pluramycin class of p2x7 receptor (Figure 3(c)). It consists of a planar anthrapyrantrione chromophore attached to two amino sugar rings at one end and a bisepoxide-containing side-chain at the other end (Figure 3(c)
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